句子之外
这几年看发布会、英美剧和电影时,我偶尔会暂停画面,把一句话摘下来。一开始只是觉得写得好,后来才意识到,它们之所以能被我记住,并不只是因为表达漂亮,而是因为它们在某个时刻说中了我正在经历、正在怀疑,或者一直说不清楚的东西。
语言即世界。但语言不是世界本身,它决定了世界以什么方式被看见。很多经验在被说出来之前,只是一团模糊的感受;一旦被某个准确的句子命名,它就从背景里浮出来,变成可以辨认、可以反复审视的东西。
这些句子后来慢慢从剧情里脱落出来,变成了我理解现实的某种参照。它们改变世界观的方式并不剧烈,更像是给原本模糊的经验加了一层轮廓:原来技术进步已经被视为日常、亲密关系会这样消耗、金融系统在进行系统性排他...
下面只摘英文原文。中间穿插的部分并不是翻译。
I’m going to go rogue for a minute. You guys get it but sometimes people take technology for granted. And just for perspective, I’m mic’d -- and in fact I’m actually double mic’d in just the right location so you can hear me. Deirdre is out in the middle of a windy lake and the only microphone Deirdre has is the little tiny one on the Apple Watch. It’s a foot or two away from her mouth, she’s paddling, and the signal’s being sent over cellular, coming in, and that’s just darn close to magic. Who would have thought?
来源:Jeff Williams,Apple 2017 秋季新品发布会
After thousands of years of compounding scientific discovery and technological progress, we have figured out how to melt sand, add some impurities, arrange it with astonishing precision at extraordinarily tiny scale into computer chips, run energy through it, and end up with systems capable of creating increasingly capable artificial intelligence.
来源:Sam Altman,《The Intelligence Age》
这两段话讲了同一件事:技术一旦稳定地进入日常生活,就会迅速从最初的奇迹退化成熟悉到可以忽略的背景。我们习惯它、挑剔它,把它视为理所当然,甚至认为它本来就应该存在。
Jeff Williams 在 Apple 发布会上的那段临场感叹,真的很有意思:他短暂地打断了发布会惯常的产品叙事,把一个 demo 重新解构成了工程奇迹 —— 一位 Apple 员工在风大的湖面上划船,手腕上戴着一块小表,靠一个离嘴很远的麦克风,再通过蜂窝网络把声音实时传回会场。Sam Altman 说「人类把沙子熔化、掺入杂质、在极小尺度上精密排列、通上电,最终得到能够创造人工智能的系统」。
我们生活在大量被驯化的魔法之中,只是它们被包装成了产品、参数、套餐、更新日志和下一代卖点。技术进步最容易被消费主义叙事掩盖。真正值得惊讶的不是新品又多了一个功能,而是工程能力如何一点点把过去不可想象的事情变成默认选项。
He says my fund packages itself as some sort of crusader for market efficiency and societal good. I make no claims to that effect. I’m a money manager. My only operating software is the profit motive. That and my id. They’re probably indivisible now, bleeding into every aspect of my life, for good and bad, often very bad. However bad you want to tell the audience I am, let me tell them: I’m worse. So make your judgment call.
来源:Eric Tao,《投行风云》S04E06《Dear Henry》
投行风云里少有的精彩独白。这句话的背景其实很复杂,Eric Tao 当时的处境其实非常糟糕,但是还是愿意在电视直播辩论上面对自己的做空的公司的董事长放出这样的狠话。这句话狠的地方不在于一位金融从业者承认自己追求利润,而在于他拒绝把利润动机包装成像类似浑水公司那样更高尚的公共叙事。他没有辩解,也没有洗白,只是把金融世界里那层常见的道德外衣撕掉了。
一个系统最真实的样子,往往不在它宣称自己相信什么,而在它的激励机制最终奖励什么。
Let me explain something to you, in your long life, you have not yet had occasion to understand: Friendly relationships are dangerous. They lend themselves to ambiguities, misunderstandings and conflicts, and they always end badly. Formal relationships, on the other hand, are as clear as spring water. Their rules are carved in stone. There’s no risk of being misunderstood and they last forever. Now, you need to know: I do not appreciate friendly relationships but I’m a great admirer of formal ones. Where there are formal relationships there are rites and where there are rites the earthly order reigns.
来源:Lenny Belardo,《年轻的教宗》第一季第一集
所谓友好的关系,常常因为边界模糊而制造误会;反而是正式关系,因为规则清楚、距离明确,能让彼此少一些猜测。这当然不是说人应该拒绝亲近,而是「熟」这件事本身并不天然可靠。熟悉有时会带来信任,有时也会带来僭越。很多关系一旦缺少形式,责任、边界和分寸就会变成只能靠默契维持的东西,而默契是很脆弱、可遇不可求的。
形式过去总显得繁琐、疏离和低效。后来才慢慢看出另一层价值:很多必要的形式其实是在替人节省情绪成本。它把不能说出口的边界,提前写进了规则里。
"Mortgage backed securities", "Sub-prime loans", "Tranches"... is pretty confusing, right?
Doesn’t it make you feel bored... or stupid?
Well... it’s supposed to. Wall Street loves to use confusing terms to make you think only they can do what they do, or even better, for you just to leave them the fuck alone.
来源:《大空头》
《大空头》里 Margot Robbie 洗澡时面对镜头打破第四面墙的解释,后来成了我经常主动探究各行各业专业术语的一个重要起点。术语当然有必要存在,因为复杂系统需要精确表达。然而,术语同样可以被用来刻意制造距离,制造权威,制造服从。
很多行业都有类似的语言机制。它先让外行感到困惑,再让外行因为困惑而自我怀疑,最后让外行把判断权主动交出去。金融只是其中最典型、也最昂贵的一种。
从那以后,「听不懂」这件事少了一点羞耻感,多了一些好奇心。听不懂并不总是因为自己笨,也可能是因为对方没有动机/义务让你听懂。面对任何复杂叙事,最重要的问题不是先承认自己无知,而是追问:这个复杂性是真的来自事实本身,还是来自某种刻意维护的信息不对称?
Pretty much of it...
以后再看到类似的句子,应该还会继续摘下来。
它们像一些很小的钉子,把某段时间里的疑问固定住。过几年回头看,剧情、角色,甚至当时为什么被击中,也许都会变得模糊;但这些句子留下来的那一点偏移,会继续存在于我看待世界的方式里。